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Eccentric loading is a crucial concept in the study of structural engineering and mechanics, particularly when analyzing the stability and stress distribution in columns. Unlike centric loading, where the force is applied along the centroidal axis, causing uniform compression, eccentric loading occurs when a force is applied off-center. This off-center application introduces not only direct compressive stress but also bending stress, significantly influencing the column's behavior under...
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Unsymmetrical bending occurs when the bending moment applied to a structural member does not align with its principal axis. This misalignment leads to complex stress distributions and deflection patterns that differ from symmetrical bending, which are essential for designing structures to withstand different loading conditions.
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Does Eccentric-only and Concentric-only Activation Increase Power Output?

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Eccentric-only contractions in the bench press exercise can enhance power output and bar velocity in the bench press throw, but only when loads exceed 100% of one-repetition maximum.

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Area of Science:

  • Sports Science
  • Biomechanics
  • Exercise Physiology

Background:

  • Post-activation potentiation (PAP) is a phenomenon where subsequent muscular contractions are enhanced following a prior conditioning contraction.
  • Understanding the specific effects of different contraction types (concentric vs. eccentric) and intensities on PAP is crucial for optimizing training protocols.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the acute effects of bench press (BP) exercise as a conditioning activity (CA) using concentric-only (CONONLY) and eccentric-only (ECCONLY) contractions on power output and bar velocity during the bench press throw (BPT).

Main Methods:

  • Thirty-two strength-trained men participated in a randomized crossover study.
  • Participants performed the BP exercise as CA at 90% 1RM CONONLY, 90% 1RM ECCONLY, 110% 1RM ECCONLY, or 130% 1RM ECCONLY.
  • The BPT was used to measure changes in peak power (PP), mean power (MP), peak velocity (PV), and mean velocity (MV) before and after the CA.

Main Results:

  • Significant increases in PP and PV (P < 0.05) were observed in the BPT after ECCONLY CA at 110% and 130% 1RM.
  • Significant increases in MV (P < 0.05) were found after ECCONLY CA at 110% 1RM.
  • No significant changes in PP, MP, PV, or MV were noted after CONONLY CA at 90% 1RM or ECCONLY CA at 90% 1RM.

Conclusions:

  • Eccentric-only contractions during the bench press exercise can effectively enhance short-term power output and velocity.
  • This enhancement is contingent upon utilizing loads exceeding 100% of the one-repetition maximum in the conditioning activity.