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Motivational interviewing for smoking cessation.

Nicola Lindson1, Tom P Thompson, Anne Ferrey

  • 1Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Radcliffe Observatory Quarter, Woodstock Road, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK, OX2 6GG.

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|August 20, 2019
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This summary is machine-generated.

Motivational Interviewing (MI) shows limited evidence for smoking cessation effectiveness. More research is needed to determine if MI, especially higher intensity, aids smokers in quitting compared to other methods or no intervention.

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Area of Science:

  • Behavioral Science
  • Public Health
  • Addiction Medicine

Background:

  • Motivational Interviewing (MI) is a patient-centered counseling style designed to resolve ambivalence about behavior change.
  • Initially developed for alcohol abuse, MI's efficacy for smoking cessation requires further evaluation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the effectiveness of MI for smoking cessation.
  • Comparisons include MI versus no treatment, MI as an adjunct to other treatments, and MI versus alternative cessation therapies.
  • The study also investigates the impact of MI intensity on cessation success.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic review and meta-analysis of 37 randomized controlled trials involving over 15,000 smokers.
  • Studies were included if they assessed cessation outcomes with at least six months follow-up.
  • Data were analyzed using risk ratios (RR) and confidence intervals (CI) with random-effects models.

Main Results:

  • Low-certainty evidence suggests no significant difference between MI and no treatment (RR 0.84, 95% CI 0.63 to 1.12).
  • Adding MI to existing support showed a similar RR of 1.07 (95% CI 0.85 to 1.36).
  • Higher intensity MI demonstrated a potential benefit (RR 1.23, 95% CI 1.11 to 1.37), though this finding was limited by study bias.

Conclusions:

  • Insufficient evidence exists to confirm MI's effectiveness for smoking cessation compared to various control conditions.
  • The certainty of evidence is low due to bias, imprecision, and inconsistency across studies.
  • Further high-quality trials are necessary to clarify MI's role in smoking cessation and its impact on mental well-being.