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The Duhem-Quine problem for equiprobable conjuncts.

Abhishek Kashyap1, Vikram S Sirola1

  • 1Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India.

Studies in History and Philosophy of Science
|August 21, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study differentiates Quine's holism from the Duhem-Quine problem, showing falsification affects hypothesis conjunctions. It highlights how alternatives determine relative disconfirmation without Bayesian priors, using equiprobable conjuncts.

Keywords:
Bayesian confirmation theoryDuhem-Quine problemEvidential anomalyHolismMercury's perihelion problem

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Area of Science:

  • Philosophy of Science
  • Epistemology
  • Scientific Methodology

Background:

  • Distinguishes Quine's holism from the Duhem-Quine problem.
  • Explains holism as falsification affecting hypothesis conjunctions.
  • Defines the Duhem-Quine problem as the inability to isolate falsified individual hypotheses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the Duhem-Quine problem within non-deductive frameworks.
  • To demonstrate how to assess individual hypothesis disconfirmation without prior probabilities.
  • To explore the role of alternatives in disconfirmation using equiprobable conjuncts.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual analysis of holism and the Duhem-Quine problem.
  • Focus on non-deductive confirmation models.
  • Examination of equiprobable conjuncts and their alternatives.

Main Results:

  • The Duhem-Quine problem's reliance on specific confirmation models is shown.
  • A method for assessing relative disconfirmation of equiprobable conjuncts is presented.
  • The significance of alternative hypotheses in disconfirmation is highlighted.

Conclusions:

  • The Duhem-Quine problem is not inherent to all accounts of theory confirmation.
  • Alternative hypotheses play a crucial role in determining the disconfirmation of individual conjuncts.
  • The study offers a novel perspective on hypothesis falsification and confirmation.