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Testing Sensory and Multisensory Function in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder
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Altered Functional Connectivity in Children With Low-Function Autism Spectrum Disorders.

Shoujun Xu1,2,3, Meng Li2, Chunlan Yang4

  • 1The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.

Frontiers in Neuroscience
|August 21, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) exhibit altered functional connectivity (FC) in key brain networks, potentially serving as a biomarker. These findings offer insights into the neuropathophysiology of ASD.

Keywords:
Pearson’s correlation analysisautism spectrum disordersfunctional connectivityindependent component analysisspatial patterns

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Developmental Neuroscience
  • Neuroimaging

Background:

  • Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are linked to brain structure and function abnormalities.
  • Previous research has not fully clarified changes in functional connectivity (FC) across all neural networks in ASD.
  • Understanding FC alterations is crucial for identifying potential biomarkers and neuropathophysiological mechanisms in ASD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate functional connectivity (FC) differences in brain networks between children with ASD and healthy controls.
  • To explore the relationship between abnormal FC and clinical variables in children with ASD.

Main Methods:

  • Acquired functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from 93 children with ASD and 79 healthy controls.
  • Utilized group independent component analysis (GICA) to estimate FC patterns.
  • Performed one-sample and two-sample t-tests to identify group differences in network connectivity and correlated FC with clinical scores.

Main Results:

  • Identified nine similar spatial brain networks in both groups.
  • Children with ASD showed increased FC in the occipital pole network (superior frontal gyrus, middle frontal gyrus).
  • ASD group exhibited decreased FC in the lateral visual network (LVN) and left frontoparietal network, with LVN connectivity correlating with autism severity.

Conclusions:

  • Abnormal functional connectivity is prevalent across multiple brain networks in children with ASD.
  • Altered FC patterns in specific networks may serve as a potential neuroimaging biomarker for ASD.
  • These findings contribute to understanding the neuropathophysiological underpinnings of ASD.