Optimal Timing of Entry-Level Otolaryngology Simulation

Area of Science:

• Medical Education
• Surgical Simulation
• Otolaryngology Training

Background:

• Effective timing of simulation training is crucial for resident education and resource management.
• Entry-level procedural skills in otolaryngology require targeted training interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

• To determine the optimal timing for a simulation-based curriculum focused on otolaryngology residency's entry-level procedural skills.
• To assess the effectiveness of the simulation curriculum across different learner levels.

Main Methods:

• A simulation curriculum was developed, including flexible laryngoscopy, peritonsillar abscess drainage, and myringotomy tube insertion task trainers.
• The curriculum was implemented in an academic otolaryngology program, involving preclinical medical students, subintern rotators, and midyear interns.
• Pre- and post-intervention knowledge, confidence, and perceived appropriateness were assessed using Likert scales, with effect sizes calculated.

Main Results:

• All groups showed significant improvement in self-reported knowledge and confidence (P < .01).
• Preclinical students had minimal prior familiarity, while interns demonstrated near-independent skill acquisition post-intervention.
• Large effect sizes (d) were observed across all groups: preclinical students (3.13), subinterns (1.46), and interns (2.14).

Conclusions:

• The subinternship period appears to be the most opportune time for foundational procedural skills simulation in otolaryngology.
• The simulation curriculum demonstrated efficacy for learners from medical students to postgraduate year 1 residents.
• Significant positive outcomes, indicated by large effect sizes, support the curriculum's broad applicability.