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Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Dynamic Navigation for Dental Implant Placement
Published on: September 13, 2022
Influence of implant macrodesign and insertion connection technology on the accuracy of static computer-assisted
Karim El Kholy1,2, Supriya Ebenezer1, Julia-Gabriela Wittneben3
1Department of Oral Surgery and Stomatology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Objective:
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of three different macrodesigns and two different insertion devices on the accuracy of static computer-assisted implant surgery (sCAIS).
Materials And Methods:
Ninety implant replicas with three different macrodesigns: Soft tissue level (TL), bone level (BL), and bone level tapered (BLT) were placed in 30 dental models with two implant insertion devices: Guided adapter and guided screwed-in mount. Preoperative and postoperative positions of implants were compared and the mean angular deviation, crestal, and apical three-dimensional (3D) deviation were calculated for each implant macrodesign and each insertion device. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance, post hoc t-tests and Bonferroni-Holm's adjustment method. P values less than .05 were considered statistically significant.
Results:
BLT implants had lower mean 3D deviation values at the crest and the apex when compared with 3D deviations with BL and TL implants (P < .05). Also, BLT implants had lower angular deviations, when compared with BL and TL Implants, however, angular deviations were not statistically significant (P > .05). Considering the insertion device method, no significant differences were noted between insertion devices irrespective of the deviation analyzed.
Conclusion:
The macrodesign of dental implants may have an influence on the accuracy of sCAIS, with tapered designs offering slightly better positional accuracy than parallel-walled macrodesigns independent on the method of insertion used.
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