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Effectiveness of various nonpharmacological analgesic methods in newborns

Pancham Kumar1, Rakesh Sharma1, Sukhdev Rathour1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, India.

Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
|August 22, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Nonpharmacological methods like oral sucrose and nonnutritive sucking effectively reduce pain in newborns during immunizations. These simple interventions offer significant pain relief, improving infant comfort during vaccination.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal care
  • Pain management
  • Developmental pediatrics

Background:

  • Infant pain during early development can negatively impact neurodevelopment.
  • Neonatal immunizations, such as the hepatitis B vaccine (HBV), are a common source of pain for newborns.
  • Effective pain management strategies are crucial for infant well-being.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the efficacy of various nonpharmacological pain relief methods in newborns.
  • To inform the development of safe and effective analgesic approaches for neonates.
  • To evaluate interventions for pain experienced during infant immunization.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective study involving 300 healthy term neonates at a tertiary care hospital.
  • Neonates were divided into six groups: five receiving nonpharmacological interventions (breastfeeding, nonnutritive sucking, rocking, 25% sucrose, distilled water) and one control group.
  • Pain response was measured using cry duration and the Douleur Aigue Nveau-ne (DAN) score post-hepatitis B vaccine (HBV) injection.

Main Results:

  • All intervention groups showed reduced cry duration compared to controls.
  • Significantly shorter cry durations were observed in the 25% sucrose, breastfeeding, and nonnutritive sucking groups.
  • The breastfeeding and 25% sucrose groups demonstrated significant reductions in DAN scores at multiple time points post-vaccination.

Conclusions:

  • Oral sucrose and nonnutritive sucking are effective nonpharmacological methods for reducing neonatal pain.
  • These simple interventions provide significant pain relief during infant procedures like vaccination.
  • Further utilization of these underutilized methods is recommended for neonatal pain management.
Abstract

Keywords:
AnalgesiaHepatitis B vaccinesNewborn infantNonpharmacological methods

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