[Shoulder Osteoarthritis-pathogenesis, classification, diagnostics and treatment]

Area of Science:

• Orthopedics
• Rheumatology
• Genetics

Background:

• Primary osteoarthritis of the shoulder is a destructive joint disease characterized by synovitis.
• It is often genetically determined and presents with shoulder pain and progressive loss of range of motion.
• Current diagnostic and classification systems focus on radiographic and imaging findings.

Purpose of the Study:

• To provide a comprehensive overview of primary shoulder osteoarthritis.
• To discuss current diagnostic modalities and classification systems.
• To outline the spectrum of non-surgical and surgical treatment options.

Main Methods:

• Review of current literature on shoulder osteoarthritis.
• Analysis of diagnostic criteria including clinical examination, radiography, and MRI.
• Evaluation of non-surgical treatments (analgesics, injections, physiotherapy) and surgical interventions (CAM procedure, endoprosthetic replacement).

Main Results:

• Shoulder osteoarthritis involves joint destruction, synovitis, and impaired shoulder function.
• Diagnosis relies on clinical assessment and imaging (radiography, MRI) to evaluate rotator cuff and joint morphology.
• Non-surgical treatments include medications, injections, and physiotherapy.

Conclusions:

• Early-stage osteoarthritis may benefit from joint-preserving arthroscopic procedures (CAM).
• Advanced stages typically require endoprosthetic joint replacement.
• Treatment decisions are guided by disease severity, patient age, and rotator cuff status.