Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Flexible Organic Electronic Devices for Pulsed Electric Field Therapy of Glioblastoma
Published on: August 9, 2022
Flexible Electrochemical Bioelectronics: The Rise of In Situ Bioanalysis
You Yu1, Hnin Yin Yin Nyein2,3,4, Wei Gao1
1Division of Engineering and Applied Science, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA.
Abstract:
The amalgamation of flexible electronics in biological systems has shaped the way health and medicine are administered. The growing field of flexible electrochemical bioelectronics enables the in situ quantification of a variety of chemical constituents present in the human body and holds great promise for personalized health monitoring owing to its unique advantages such as inherent wearability, high sensitivity, high selectivity, and low cost. It represents a promising alternative to probe biomarkers in the human body in a simpler method compared to conventional instrumental analytical techniques. Various bioanalytical technologies are employed in flexible electrochemical bioelectronics, including ion-selective potentiometry, enzymatic amperometry, potential sweep voltammetry, field-effect transistors, affinity-based biosensing, as well as biofuel cells. Recent key innovations in flexible electrochemical bioelectronics from electrochemical sensing modalities, materials, systems, fabrication, to applications are summarized and highlighted. The challenges and opportunities in this field moving forward toward future preventive and personalized medicine devices are also discussed.
Related Concept Videos
What is an Electrochemical Gradient?
The chemical gradient relies on differences in the abundance of a substance on the outside versus the inside of a cell and flows from areas of high to low ion concentration. In contrast, the electrical gradient revolves around an...
Rise of Liquid in a Capillary Tube
Interfacial Electrochemical Methods: Overview
Electrochemical Gradient and Channel Proteins: An Overview
The electrical gradient: The electrical gradient across cell membranes refers to the difference in electric charge between the inside and outside of a cell. This difference drives the movement of ions towards or away from the cells. For instance, if the inside of the cell is more negatively charged relative to...
¹H NMR of Conformationally Flexible Molecules: Temporal Resolution
In-situ Hybridization
Types of probes and labels
A probe is a complementary strand of DNA or RNA that binds to corresponding nucleotide sequences in a cell. Many...

