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Metal-Limited Growth of Neisseria gonorrhoeae for Characterization of Metal-Responsive Genes and Metal Acquisition from Host Ligands
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Source Risks As Constraints to Future Metal Supply.

Éléonore Lèbre1, John R Owen2, Glen D Corder3

  • 1Postdoctoral Research Fellow, Centre for Social Responsibility in Mining, Sustainable Minerals Institute , The University of Queensland , Queensland 4072 , Australia.

Environmental Science & Technology
|August 22, 2019
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Global metal supply is at risk. A new methodology reveals that most undeveloped iron, copper, and aluminum resources face significant environmental, social, and governance (ESG) risks at the mine site, impacting future availability.

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Area of Science:

  • Geosciences and Mining
  • Sustainability Studies
  • Supply Chain Management

Background:

  • Growing consumer demand heightens concerns regarding metal availability and criticality.
  • Existing risk assessment methodologies for global metal supply do not focus on mine site specific risks.
  • Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) factors are crucial for new mining project development and resource conversion.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel methodology for assessing ESG risks at the mine site level for critical metals.
  • To identify and quantify the extent of complex ESG risk contexts for undeveloped iron, copper, and aluminum orebodies.
  • To enhance understanding of source-level constraints and risks impacting future metal supply.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a methodology incorporating eight ESG risk categories.
  • Overlaying ESG risk data onto the geographical locations of undeveloped iron, copper, and aluminum orebodies.
  • Quantifying the proportion of global reserves and resources situated in complex ESG risk environments (≥4 medium-to-high risks).

Main Results:

  • Significant percentages of critical metal resources are located in complex ESG contexts: 47% for iron, 63% for copper, and 88% for aluminum.
  • The methodology provides a granular view of mine-site level ESG risks.
  • Identifies specific geographic areas with high concentrations of ESG risks for key metals.

Conclusions:

  • Mine site level ESG risks represent a substantial constraint on future metal supply.
  • Understanding these source-level risks is essential for ensuring the availability of critical metals like iron, copper, and aluminum.
  • The proposed methodology offers a vital tool for supply chain resilience and strategic resource management.