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Cross-chest clips in child restraints: A crash testing study
Lynne E Bilston1,2, Nicholas Kent1, Julie Brown1,3
1Transurban Road Safety Research Centre, Neuroscience Research Australia , Randwick , New South Wales , Australia.
Traffic Injury Prevention
|August 22, 2019
Summary
Cross-chest clips in child restraints showed minimal impact on dynamic performance during simulated frontal crashes. Despite some neck contacts, these clips did not significantly alter head movement or forces, suggesting potential benefits warrant re-evaluation.
Area of Science:
- Biomechanical Engineering
- Traffic Safety Research
- Pediatric Injury Prevention
Background:
- Cross-chest clips are common in North American child restraints but not globally, due to concerns about neck injuries in frontal crashes.
- Real-world data suggests these clips may reduce injury odds, yet crash test data is limited.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare the dynamic performance of a small child occupant in frontal crash tests with and without cross-chest clips.
- To evaluate the influence of clip position and harness slack on performance.
Main Methods:
- Conducted frontal sled tests at 49 km/h using a P3/4 anthropomorphic test device (ATD).
- Compared two cross-chest clip designs against non-use, testing clips in recommended and incorrect positions, with and without harness slack.
Main Results:
- Observed minor neck base contacts with clips, but little difference in head excursion or ATD sensor loads.
- No detectable changes in neck forces or moments during contacts were found.
- Harness slack increased head excursion, but this effect was consistent with or without clips.
Conclusions:
- Cross-chest clips demonstrate minimal influence on the dynamic performance of forward-facing child restraints in simulated frontal crashes.
- Considering potential real-world injury reduction benefits, safety standards restricting clip use may need re-evaluation.
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