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Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Paired with Total Vaporization Solid-Phase Microextraction as a Forensic Tool
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Multineuromodulator measurements across fronto-striatal network areas of the behaving macaque using solid-phase
Seyed-Alireza Hassani1,2, Sofia Lendor3, Ezel Boyaci3
1Department of Psychology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee.
Journal of Neurophysiology
|August 22, 2019
Summary
This study introduces a novel method for measuring multiple brain chemicals in vivo, revealing their complex interactions during goal-directed behavior in primates.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Analytical Chemistry
- Primate Research
Background:
- Neuromodulators rarely act in isolation, influencing neural processes collectively.
- Understanding neuromodulator interdependence in vivo is crucial for studying brain states.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop and validate a sensitive method for simultaneous in vivo measurement of multiple neuromodulators.
- To investigate the concentrations and covariation of key neuromodulators during goal-directed behavior.
Main Methods:
- Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) coupled with mass spectrometry for in vivo neuromodulator quantification.
- Simultaneous sampling of glutamate, dopamine, acetylcholine, and choline in frontal cortex and striatum of macaque monkeys.
Main Results:
- Glutamate concentrations were significantly higher than acetylcholine and dopamine across brain regions.
- Dopamine levels in the striatum were tenfold higher than acetylcholine.
- Consistent acetylcholine and choline concentrations were observed across areas and subjects.
Conclusions:
- SPME microprobes offer a versatile tool for in vivo characterization of multiple neuromodulators.
- This methodology aids in understanding neuromodulator interdependence during behavior and in psychiatric disorders.
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