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Related Concept Videos

Bipolar Disorder01:30

Bipolar Disorder

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Bipolar disorder is a chronic mental health condition marked by significant mood fluctuations, including episodes of mania and depression. Elevated energy levels, heightened mood or irritability, impulsive behavior, reduced sleep needs, rapid speech, racing thoughts, inflated self-esteem, and distractibility characterize mania. Individuals with bipolar disorder often alternate between depressive and manic states, with periods of emotional stability lasting an average of six months to a year.
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Mean free path and Mean free time01:22

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Consider the gas molecules in a cylinder. They move in a random motion as they collide with each other and change speed and direction. The average of all the path lengths between collisions is known as the "mean free path."
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Consider the two thermodynamic processes involving an ideal gas that are represented by paths AC and ABC in Figure 1:
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Vitamins, derived from the Latin word for life, are essential organic substances required in small quantities for optimal growth and overall well-being. Unlike other organic nutrients, vitamins don't act as sources of energy or building materials but rather facilitate these nutrients' utilization by the body. Vitamins are predominantly coenzymes, assisting enzymes in specific chemical actions, like the oxidation of glucose for energy involving B vitamins. Most vitamins are not produced...
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Consider two sources of sound, that may or may not be in phase, emitting waves at a single frequency, and consider the frequencies to be the same.
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Behavior of Gas Molecules: Molecular Diffusion, Mean Free Path, and Effusion03:48

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Although gaseous molecules travel at tremendous speeds (hundreds of meters per second), they collide with other gaseous molecules and travel in many different directions before reaching the desired target. At room temperature, a gaseous molecule will experience billions of collisions per second. The mean free path is the average distance a molecule travels between collisions. The mean free path increases with decreasing pressure; in general, the mean free path for a gaseous molecule will be...
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Developing a Rat Model for Bipolar Disorder
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[Bipolar disorder vulnerability: The vitamin D path].

Manel Naifar1,2, Manel Maalej Bouali3, Wassim Guidara1

  • 1UR 12ES17 « Bases moléculaires de la pathologie humaine », Faculté de Médecine de Sfax, Université de Sfax, Sfax, Tunisie.

Canadian Journal of Psychiatry. Revue Canadienne De Psychiatrie
|August 23, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Patients with bipolar disorder (BD) in acute decompensation show higher 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25OHD) levels compared to controls. This finding suggests a potential link between vitamin D synthesis and BD severity.

Keywords:
CRP ultrasensiblebiomarqueurschizophrenieschizophrénietrouble bipolairevitamine D

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Endocrinology
  • Psychiatry

Context:

  • Bipolar disorder (BD) pathogenesis remains incompletely understood.
  • 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25OHD) exhibits anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties.
  • Investigating vitamin D's role in psychiatric disorders is an emerging area of research.

Purpose:

  • To quantify plasma 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25OHD) levels in patients experiencing acute bipolar disorder (BD) decompensation.
  • To compare 25OHD levels between BD patients, schizophrenia (SCZ) or schizoaffective disorder (SAD) patients, and healthy controls.
  • To explore correlations between 25OHD levels and clinical/cognitive measures in BD.

Summary:

  • This cross-sectional study found significantly higher plasma 25OHD levels in male inpatients with acute BD decompensation compared to healthy controls.
  • 25OHD levels positively correlated with symptom severity (PANSS) and cognitive function (MOCA scores) in BD patients.
  • Multivariate analysis indicated that acute BD decompensation was independently associated with elevated plasma 25OHD.

Impact:

  • The study suggests a potential association between increased 25OHD synthesis and acute bipolar disorder decompensation.
  • Elevated 25OHD may serve as a potential biomarker, although further validation is required.
  • Findings contribute to understanding the complex interplay of neuroinflammation and metabolic factors in BD.