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Prognostic values of novel biomarkers in patients with AL amyloidosis

Darae Kim1, Ga Yeon Lee1, Jin-Oh Choi1

  • 1Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Heart Vascular Stroke Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Scientific Reports
|August 23, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Novel biomarkers soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 (sST2) and growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF15) improve prognosis prediction in light-chain amyloidosis (AL). These markers offer additive value beyond current standards, enhancing risk stratification for AL patients.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Oncology
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Cardiac involvement is a key prognostic factor in light-chain amyloidosis (AL).
  • Current staging (revised Mayo) uses NT-proBNP and TnT, but novel biomarkers' roles are unclear.
  • Investigating new biomarkers can refine prognostic accuracy in AL.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the additive prognostic value of novel biomarkers (sST2, GDF15, OPN) in AL amyloidosis.
  • To determine if these markers improve prediction of overall mortality beyond established markers.
  • To assess their utility in stratifying risk, especially in advanced disease stages.

Main Methods:

  • Quantified sST2, GDF15, and OPN levels in 73 AL patients at diagnosis.
  • Utilized ROC analysis to assess predictive performance for survival.
  • Correlated biomarker levels with established markers (NT-proBNP, TnT) and clinical parameters.

Main Results:

  • sST2 and GDF15 demonstrated significant predictive performance for one-year and overall survival.
  • Elevated sST2 and GDF15 provided incremental prognostic value beyond NT-proBNP and TnT.
  • Higher scores based on sST2/GDF15 predicted worse outcomes, even within advanced Mayo stages.

Conclusions:

  • sST2 and GDF15 are valuable prognostic biomarkers in AL amyloidosis.
  • These novel markers offer additive predictive power, enhancing risk stratification for AL patients.
  • They improve prognostication, particularly in patients with advanced disease stages.

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