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Updated: Jan 20, 2026

A Practical Guide to Phylogenetics for Nonexperts
Published on: February 5, 2014
Common pitfalls in renal mass evaluation: a practical guide
Layra Ribeiro de Sousa Leão1, Thais Caldara Mussi1, Fernando Ide Yamauchi1
1Department of Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
Abstract:
More than half of patients over 50 years of age have had at least one focal renal lesion detected as an incidental finding during an ultrasound, computed tomography, or magnetic resonance imaging examination. Although the majority of such lesions can be easily detected and correctly characterized, misdiagnoses may occur and are often related to methodological limitations, inappropriate imaging protocols, or misinterpretation. This pictorial essay provides recommendations on how to recognize benign and malignant renal processes that can be potentially missed or mischaracterized in imaging studies.
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