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Post-traumatic Stress Disorder01:27

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Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric condition that arises following exposure to traumatic events such as natural disasters, forced displacement, or severe accidents. It significantly impairs individuals' ability to cope with daily activities and disrupts their emotional and psychological equilibrium.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Author Spotlight: Studying Clinical Characters and Epilepsy Outcomes After Frontal Disconnection in Patients with MOGHE
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Frontal Lobe Circuitry in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder.

Lynn D Selemon1, Keith A Young2,3,4, Dianne A Cruz5

  • 1Department of Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.

Chronic Stress (Thousand Oaks, Calif.)
|August 23, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) involves widespread frontal lobe dysfunction, impacting fear, salience, and mood circuits. This neurobiological basis explains PTSD symptoms and executive function deficits.

Keywords:
conditioned fear extinctiondendritic spinesexecutive functioningfunctional connectivitymagnetic resonance imagingmoodsalience

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Brain Imaging

Background:

  • Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is characterized by hyperarousal, avoidance, re-experiencing, and mood changes.
  • Frontal cortical areas are critical for circuits involved in PTSD symptomatology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of frontal cortical areas in the conditioned fear extinction, salience, and mood circuits in PTSD.
  • To examine structural and functional brain abnormalities in PTSD.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on frontal lobe circuitry in PTSD.
  • Analysis of structural abnormalities (e.g., volumetric reductions) and functional activation patterns.
  • Examination of network connectivity and synaptic plasticity.

Main Results:

  • Structural abnormalities, including reduced cingulate cortex volumes, affect fear, salience, and mood circuits.
  • Abnormal frontal cortical activation and altered amygdalo-frontal connectivity are observed in PTSD.
  • Reduced synaptic plasticity and executive function impairments are linked to frontal lobe dysfunction.

Conclusions:

  • Widespread frontal lobe dysfunction underlies core PTSD symptoms.
  • Impaired executive functions in PTSD are associated with frontal lobe abnormalities.
  • Understanding these neurobiological underpinnings is crucial for PTSD treatment.