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Reinforced reasoning in medicine.

Daniel Auker-Howlett1, Michael Wilde1

  • 1Department of Philosophy, School of European Culture and Languages, University of Kent, Canterbury, UK.

Journal of Evaluation in Clinical Practice
|August 23, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Evidence of underlying mechanisms can support medical intervention effectiveness through reinforced reasoning, not just mechanistic reasoning. This study supports evidential pluralism in medicine with a novel virology case study.

Keywords:
evidence-based medicineevidential pluralismmechanismsmechanistic reasoningreinforced reasoningvirology

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Area of Science:

  • Philosophy of Medicine
  • Epistemology
  • Virology

Background:

  • Philosophical skepticism exists regarding whether evidence of underlying mechanisms proves medical intervention effectiveness.
  • Mechanistic reasoning is often cited as unreliable for establishing effectiveness.
  • Alternative reasoning frameworks are needed to evaluate mechanistic evidence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore alternative reasoning methods beyond mechanistic reasoning for evaluating evidence of underlying mechanisms.
  • To investigate the role of evidential pluralism in the epistemology of medicine.
  • To present a case study demonstrating a more reliable form of reasoning in medical science.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of philosophical arguments against mechanistic reasoning in medicine.
  • Application of concepts from evidential pluralism.
  • Detailed examination of a case study from virology.

Main Results:

  • Mechanistic reasoning is not the sole pathway through which evidence of mechanisms supports effectiveness.
  • A more reliable reasoning approach, termed 'reinforced reasoning,' can be identified.
  • The virology case study illustrates the successful application of this reinforced reasoning.

Conclusions:

  • Evidence of underlying mechanisms can indeed provide evidence for medical intervention effectiveness.
  • Reinforced reasoning, grounded in evidential pluralism, offers a robust framework for evaluating such evidence.
  • The study contributes a new case study to the literature supporting evidential pluralism in medicine.