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New anti-IL-7Rα monoclonal antibodies show efficacy against T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia in pre-clinical

Julie A Hixon1, Caroline Andrews1,2,3, Lila Kashi4

  • 1Cytokines and Immunity Section, Cancer and Inflammation Program (CIP), National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Frederick, MD, USA.

Leukemia
|August 24, 2019
PubMed

Pediatric T cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) cells frequently contain mutations in the interleukin-7 (IL-7) receptor pathway or respond to IL-7 itself. To target the IL-7 receptor on T-ALL cells, murine monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) were developed against the human IL-7Rα chain and chimerized with human IgG1 constant regions. Crystal structures demonstrate that the two MAbs bound different IL-7Rα epitopes. The MAbs mediated antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC) against patient-derived xenograft (PDX) T-ALL cells, which was improved by combining two MAbs. In vivo, the MAbs showed therapeutic efficacy via ADCC-dependent and independent mechanisms in minimal residual and established disease. PDX T-ALL cells that relapsed following a course of chemotherapy displayed elevated IL-7Rα, and MAb treatment is effective against relapsing disease, suggesting the use of anti-IL7Rα MAbs in relapsed T-ALL patients or patients that do not respond to chemotherapy.

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