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Development, Cognition, Adaptive Function and Maladaptive Behavior in HIV-infected and HIV-exposed Uninfected

Sharmila Banerjee Mukherjee1, Shilpa Devamare2, Anju Seth2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Lady Hardinge Medical College and associated hospitals, New Delhi, India. Correspondence to: Dr Sharmila B Mukherjee, Professor, Department of Pediatrics, Lady Hardinge Medical College and associated hospitals, New Delhi, India. theshormi@gmail.com.

Indian Pediatrics
|August 24, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Children with HIV infection or exposure show significant developmental and adaptive function impairments. Early assessment and interventions are crucial for improving outcomes in this vulnerable population.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Health
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Neurodevelopmental Disorders

Background:

  • Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) can impact child development.
  • Understanding the neurodevelopmental and adaptive outcomes in HIV-exposed and HIV-infected children is critical.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare development, adaptive function, and maladaptive behavior in HIV-infected children, HIV-exposed uninfected children, and HIV-uninfected controls.
  • To identify potential deficits in cognitive and adaptive domains in these pediatric groups.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 50 HIV-infected, 25 HIV-exposed uninfected, and 25 HIV-uninfected children aged 2-9 years.
  • Utilized standardized assessments including Developmental Profile 3 and Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scale 2.
  • Data collection included clinical history, examination, and record review.

Main Results:

  • 76% of HIV-infected children and 64% of HIV-exposed uninfected children exhibited significant developmental/cognitive impairment.
  • 24% of HIV-infected children and 8% of HIV-exposed uninfected children showed impaired adaptive function.
  • No significant maladaptive behavior was observed across any of the study groups.

Conclusions:

  • HIV-infected and HIV-exposed children demonstrate a high prevalence of impaired development and adaptive function.
  • Routine assessment of cognitive and adaptive domains is recommended for these children.
  • Integrating interventions for identified deficits into standard care is essential for improving long-term outcomes.
Abstract

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