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Functional connectivity mediates the relationship between self-efficacy and curiosity.

Yiman Li1, Tengbin Huo1, Kaixiang Zhuang1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (SWU), Ministry of Education, Chongqing, 400715, China; School of Psychology, Southwest University (SWU), Chongqing, 400715, China.

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Summary

This study reveals that brain networks involving the default mode, fronto-parietal, and salience networks predict curiosity. Self-efficacy influences trait curiosity by mediating the strength of this curiosity brain network.

Keywords:
Cross-validationCuriosityFunctional connectivityPredictionResting-state fMRISelf-efficacy

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Curiosity is a key driver of human development and learning.
  • Self-efficacy, or confidence in one's abilities, is crucial for learning motivation.
  • The neural underpinnings of curiosity and its relationship with self-efficacy remain underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neural basis of curiosity using functional connectivity within and between major brain networks.
  • To explore the relationship between self-efficacy and trait curiosity.
  • To examine the mediating role of the curiosity brain network in the association between self-efficacy and curiosity.

Main Methods:

  • Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data from 400 participants were analyzed.
  • A cross-validation predictive framework assessed functional connectivity within the default mode network (DMN), fronto-parietal task control network (FPN), and salience network (SN).
  • The strength of the identified curiosity network was used as a mediator to analyze the relationship between self-efficacy and curiosity scores.

Main Results:

  • Functional connections within the DMN, FPN, and SN successfully predicted curiosity levels.
  • Connections within the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and between the PFC and angular gyrus (AG) were significant predictors.
  • The strength of the curiosity brain network significantly mediated the relationship between self-efficacy and curiosity scores.

Conclusions:

  • A specific brain network involving DMN, FPN, and SN functional connectivity underlies curiosity.
  • Self-efficacy plays a critical role in shaping trait curiosity.
  • These findings enhance the understanding of the neural mechanisms driving curiosity and its connection to self-efficacy.