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Related Concept Videos

Self-Concept01:19

Self-Concept

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Self-concept is the cognitive and emotional understanding individuals hold about their identity. It evolves through various developmental stages, beginning in infancy and maturing as children grow. This concept influences how individuals perceive their abilities, interact with others, and manage challenges throughout life.
Infancy and Emerging Recognition
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Learning to draw Fischer projections of molecules and understanding their relevance plays a crucial role in the visual depiction of organic molecules. A Fischer projection is a two-dimensional projection on a planar surface to simplify the three-dimensional wedge–dash representation of molecules. This is especially helpful in the case of molecules with multiple chiral centers that can be difficult to draw. Here, all the bonds of interest are represented as horizontal or vertical lines. While...
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The human nervous system handles vast amounts of information by translating sensory stimuli into neural impulses, which the brain processes, creating thoughts expressed through language or stored as memories. The brain also synthesizes information from emotions and memories, which significantly influence thoughts and behaviors. This intricate process creates a comprehensive mental picture.
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Different notations are used to represent the three-dimensional structure of molecules on two-dimensional surfaces. One of the most commonly used representations is the dash-wedge formula. The dashed wedges, solid wedges, and the plane lines indicate the groups situated behind the plane, coming out of the plane, and in the plane, respectively.
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The self-concept encompasses individuals' beliefs about themselves, structured through cognitive frameworks known as self-schemas. These schemas function as mental representations of specific traits or behaviors, influencing how self-relevant information is perceived, processed, and remembered. For example, individuals who are schematic for body weight are more likely to interpret routine experiences—such as dining out or shopping—through the lens of that trait. Conversely, those...
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Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Interaction between Phonological and Semantic Processes in Visual Word Recognition using Electrophysiology
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Semantic Concept Spaces: Guided Topic Model Refinement using Word-Embedding Projections.

Mennatallah El-Assady, Rebecca Kehlbeck, Christopher Collins

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    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study introduces a model-agnostic framework for refining topic models using domain knowledge. Visual analytics enable users to adjust semantic concepts, improving topic model quality with minimal feedback.

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    Area of Science:

    • Natural Language Processing
    • Data Mining
    • Human-Computer Interaction

    Background:

    • Topic models often lack domain-specific knowledge, leading to suboptimal results.
    • Incorporating user expertise into topic modeling is challenging but crucial for accuracy.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To present a model-agnostic framework for refining topic models using domain knowledge.
    • To enable users to understand, identify issues in, and readjust the semantic space of topic models.

    Main Methods:

    • Interactive visual analytics workspace using word-embedding projections.
    • User-guided refinement of concept regions and semantic relations.
    • Direct manipulation and recommended interactions for efficient human-in-the-loop refinement.

    Main Results:

    • User-refined concepts are transferable across document collections.
    • Direct user interactions dynamically alter the underlying vector space model and topic modeling.
    • Two user studies confirmed significant improvements in topic model quality.

    Conclusions:

    • The framework effectively integrates domain knowledge for topic model refinement.
    • Visual analytics and targeted guidance enhance the human-in-the-loop process.
    • The approach leads to more accurate and semantically relevant topic models.