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Published on: April 27, 2011
Benign acute viral myositis in African migrants: A clinical, serological, and pathological study
Elia Pancheri1, Massimiliano Lanzafame2, Alberto Zamò3
1Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Clinical Neurology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
Background:
Several viruses have been described as causes of acquired inflammatory myopathies; however, the mechanisms by which they cause muscle disease are still unclear. The aim of this study was to describe the laboratory features of benign acute myositis in a small case series.
Methods:
A detailed pathological and serological analysis was performed in five African migrants who developed an acute viral myositis complicated by rhabdomyolysis.
Results:
Muscle biopsies clearly documented an inflammatory myopathy with histological features similar to polymyositis including CD8+ T cells surrounding and invading nonnecrotic muscle fibers, CD68+ macrophages and major histocompatibility complex class I antigen upregulation. In addition, positivity for myositis-specific antibodies (MSA), in particular anti-aminoacyl tRNA synthetases, was found in the serum of two patients.
Conclusions:
Our study demonstrated that T-cell mediated injury occurs in muscle of patients with acute viral myositis, and that MSA may be present in the serum of these patients.
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