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Dynamic functional connectivity states characterize NREM sleep and wakefulness.

Shuqin Zhou1,2, Guangyuan Zou1,3, Jing Xu4

  • 1Center for MRI Research, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, China.

Human Brain Mapping
|August 25, 2019
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Summary

Dynamic functional connectivity (DFC) states in brain imaging consistently align with wakefulness and sleep stages. These DFC states show a significant link to slow-wave activity, suggesting an electrophysiological basis for vigilance fluctuations.

Keywords:
DFCEEGfMRIsleepslow-wave activity

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Sleep Science

Background:

  • Recent neuroimaging reveals dynamic functional connectivity (DFC) states correlating with vigilance fluctuations.
  • The precise relationship between DFC states and specific sleep stages, along with their electrophysiological origins, remains largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the properties of DFC across different sleep stages.
  • To explore the connection between DFC characteristics and slow-wave activity.
  • To determine if DFC states consistently map to vigilance levels during wakefulness and sleep.

Main Methods:

  • Simultaneous electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) were recorded from 48 healthy young adults during eyes-closed wakefulness and sleep.
  • EEG data served as the gold standard for sleep stage classification.
  • Dynamic functional connectivity (DFC) states were derived from fMRI data.

Main Results:

  • DFC states reliably corresponded to wakefulness and non-rapid eye movement sleep stages, irrespective of clustering methods.
  • A significant positive correlation was observed between the mean dwell time of DFC states and slow-wave activity.
  • The findings were robust against variations in global signal regression and parcellation schemes.

Conclusions:

  • DFC states identified in fMRI data accurately reflect vigilance fluctuations during wakefulness and sleep.
  • The study provides strong evidence for an electrophysiological basis of DFC states related to vigilance.
  • These findings enhance our understanding of brain dynamics across different states of consciousness.