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[Metabolic Bone Disease of Prematurity in Very Low Birthweight Infants: Retrospective Observational Study]

Raquel Costa1, Catarina Franco2, Nádia Santos1

  • 1Serviço de Pediatria. Hospital Espírito Santo de Évora. Évora. Portugal.

Acta Medica Portuguesa
|August 26, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Metabolic bone disease of prematurity (MBDP) affects very low birthweight newborns, with a 9.43% prevalence found in this study. Early screening and nutritional interventions are crucial for managing this condition in vulnerable infants.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatology
  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Bone Metabolism

Background:

  • Metabolic bone disease of prematurity (MBDP) is characterized by reduced bone mineralization in premature infants.
  • Screening typically relies on serum alkaline phosphatase and phosphate levels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of MBDP in very low birthweight newborns.
  • To identify risk factors associated with MBDP.
  • To describe the growth patterns of affected infants.

Main Methods:

  • An observational, retrospective, multicenter study was conducted in Portugal.
  • Data were collected from very low birthweight newborns between May 2016 and April 2017.
  • Demographic, clinical, and laboratory variables were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • Five cases (9.43%) of MBDP were diagnosed among 53 included newborns.
  • MBDP cases had lower gestational age and birth weight, and longer parenteral nutrition duration.
  • Growth was similar between groups, but calcium/phosphate ratios were lower in MBDP patients.

Conclusions:

  • The study found a lower prevalence of MBDP than reported in literature, with suboptimal screening completion rates.
  • Identified risk factors align with existing research.
  • Early screening, nutritional support, and physical stimulation are vital for managing MBDP and preventing complications.
Abstract

Keywords:
Bone Diseases, MetabolicInfant, Extremely Low Birth WeightInfant, PrematureInfant, Premature, DiseasesNutritional Status

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