Conjugated CAR T cell one step beyond conventional CAR T cell for a promising cancer immunotherapy

Cancer immunotherapy aims to enhance the immune system reactivity against tumour cells. Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR), presented on the surface of the T cells, specifically redirects the cell and demonstrates significant promises in treating patients with different types of haematologic malignancies. Although several cases of improvement have been reported, clinical experiences, such as excessive activity, poor control, toxicity and limited life span of conventional CAR T cells have emerged as treatment challenges associated with this therapeutic strategy. Recently, multiple switchable CAR T platforms have been made to enable better control in a dose-dependent manner, which is correlated to distinct characteristics of different switch molecules. This review aimed at a brief represention of toxicities of the CAR T cells, the obstacles facing tumour treatments especially in solid tumours, and finally providing a framework for classification of the newly developed Conjugated/Split CAR-T cell technologies to overcome difficulties. Overall, Newly developed Conjugated CAR T cells using among with soluble switch molecules seems to be as responsive as the conventional CAR T cells, yet providing many new useful options to effectively overcome limitations and significantly improve patient safety.