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Difficult conversations: navigating the tension between honesty and benevolence.

Emma E Levine1, Annabelle R Roberts1, Taya R Cohen2

  • 1University of Chicago, Booth School of Business, United States.

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Difficult conversations require balancing honesty and kindness. Research shows people overestimate this conflict, leading to missteps. Effective strategies can align honesty with benevolence for better outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Communication Studies
  • Ethics

Background:

  • Difficult conversations, including delivering negative news and critical feedback, are common in personal and professional life.
  • Communicators often feel apprehensive due to a perceived conflict between honesty and kindness.
  • Existing research highlights the psychological underpinnings of moral tradeoffs in communication.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explain why individuals overestimate the conflict between honesty and benevolence in difficult conversations.
  • To document common communication errors stemming from this misperception.
  • To propose improved conversational strategies that reconcile honesty and kindness.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent research on egocentrism, ethics, and communication.
  • Analysis of psychological factors influencing perceptions of moral tradeoffs.
  • Synthesis of findings to develop practical communication advice.

Main Results:

  • Communicators tend to overestimate the conflict between being honest and being kind.
  • Egocentrism contributes to this misperception, leading to suboptimal communication strategies.
  • Effective strategies exist that foster both honesty and benevolence.

Conclusions:

  • Honesty and benevolence are more compatible in difficult conversations than commonly perceived.
  • Understanding the psychology of moral tradeoffs can improve communication effectiveness.
  • Practical advice is offered for delivering difficult information constructively to enhance recipient welfare.