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The Phosphorus Cycle01:21

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Unlike carbon, water, and nitrogen, phosphorus is not present in the atmosphere as a gas. Instead, most phosphorus in the ecosystem exists as compounds, such as phosphate ions (PO43-), found in soil, water, sediment and rocks. Phosphorus is often a limiting nutrient (i.e., in short supply). Consequently, phosphorus is added to most agricultural fertilizers, which can cause environmental problems related to runoff in aquatic ecosystems.
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Chirality is most prevalent in carbon-based tetrahedral compounds, but this important facet of molecular symmetry extends to sp3-hybridized nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur centers, including trivalent molecules with lone pairs. Here, the lone pair behaves as a functional group in addition to the other three substituents to form an analogous tetrahedral center that can be chiral.
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Extraction: Effects of pH00:53

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Consider a neutral form of an amine, B, with a partition coefficient, K, in a liquid mixture containing organic and aqueous phases. The pH of the aqueous phase affects the charge on acidic and basic solutes, and the charged form is usually more soluble in the aqueous phase. Suppose the conjugate acid form of the amine is soluble only in the aqueous phase while the base form is soluble in both phases. Then the distribution coefficient, D, can be given as the ratio of amine concentration in the...
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Extraction: Advanced Methods00:56

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Metal ions can be separated from one another by complexation with organic ligands–the chelating agent– to form uncharged chelates. Here, the chelating agent must contain hydrophobic groups and behave as a weak acid, losing a proton to bind with the metal. Since most organic ligands used in this process are insoluble or undergo oxidation in the aqueous phase, the chelating agent is initially added to the organic phase and extracted into the aqueous phase. The metal-ligand complex is...
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Extraction: Partition and Distribution Coefficients01:14

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The distribution law or Nernst's distribution law is the law that governs the distribution of a solute between two immiscible solvents. This law, also known as the partition law, states that if a solute is added to the mixture of two immiscible solvents at a constant temperature, the solute is distributed between the two solvents in such a way that the ratio of solute concentrations in the solvents remains constant at equilibrium.
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Controlled nuclear fission reactions are used to generate electricity. Any nuclear reactor that produces power via the fission of uranium or plutonium by bombardment with neutrons has six components: nuclear fuel consisting of fissionable material, a nuclear moderator, a neutron source, control rods, reactor coolant, and a shield and containment system.
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Uranium extraction using hydroxyapatite recovered from phosphorus containing wastewater.

Lingjun Kong1, Yang Ruan2, Qingying Zheng2

  • 1Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Radionuclides Pollution Control and Resources, Rural Non-point Source Pollution Comprehensive Management Technology Center of Guangdong Province, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, PR China.

Journal of Hazardous Materials
|August 26, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Recovered bone char hydroxyapatite (BC-HAP) effectively removes uranium (U(VI)) from industrial wastewater. This cost-effective adsorbent shows superior uranium sorption, offering a promising solution for environmental remediation and resource recovery.

Keywords:
AutuniteHydroxyapatitePhosphateSorptionUranium

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Laboratory-determined Phosphorus Flux from Lake Sediments as a Measure of Internal Phosphorus Loading
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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • Industrial wastewater from uranium mining, processing, and nuclear power generation contains significant amounts of uranium (U(VI)).
  • Discharge of U(VI)-contaminated wastewater poses environmental risks and represents a loss of valuable resources.
  • Hydroxyapatite (HAP) is a known material for uranium sorption, but cost-effective alternatives are sought.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the potential of recovered bone char hydroxyapatite (BC-HAP) as an adsorbent for uranium extraction from aqueous solutions.
  • To compare the uranium sorption performance of BC-HAP with commercially available nano-HAP.
  • To understand the mechanisms and transformations involved in uranium sorption onto BC-HAP.

Main Methods:

  • Batch experiments were conducted to evaluate uranium sorption capacity and behavior.
  • Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analyses were used to characterize BC-HAP and sorbed uranium.
  • Sorption and desorption studies were performed under varying conditions, including the presence of Na2CO3 and NaHCO3.

Main Results:

  • Recovered BC-HAP demonstrated superior sorption ability for uranium extraction compared to nano-HAP.
  • Analysis revealed the formation of nano-scale autunite precipitates after uranium sorption on BC-HAP.
  • Partial desorption of uranium was observed in the presence of sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate.

Conclusions:

  • BC-HAP is a promising and cost-effective adsorbent for extracting uranium from aqueous solutions.
  • The favorable uranium sorption is attributed to surface complexation and phosphate dissolution-precipitation mechanisms.
  • Recovered BC-HAP offers a viable solution for treating uranium-containing industrial wastewater and recovering valuable resources.