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Objective and subjective stress, personality, and allostatic load
Dinne S Christensen1,2, Nadya Dich3, Trine Flensborg-Madsen1,2
1Section of Environmental Health, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Brain and Behavior
|August 27, 2019
Summary
Both objective and subjective stress are linked to higher allostatic load (AL), a measure of the body's wear and tear. Personality traits did not alter this significant association between stress and AL.
Area of Science:
- Psychoneuroimmunology
- Biomarkers
- Stress Physiology
Background:
- Allostatic load (AL) reflects the cumulative physiological consequences of chronic stress adaptation.
- Previous research has often used narrow definitions of stress and overlooked personality's role in the stress-AL relationship.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the cross-sectional association between objective and subjective stress and allostatic load (AL).
- To examine the influence of Big Five personality traits as potential confounders in the stress-AL association.
Main Methods:
- Utilized data from 5,512 participants (49-63 years old) in the Copenhagen Aging and Midlife Biobank.
- Allostatic load (AL) was quantified using a composite index of 14 inflammatory, cardiovascular, and metabolic biomarkers.
- Objective stress was measured via self-reported major life events; subjective stress was assessed as perceived stress over the past four weeks.
Main Results:
- Both objective and subjective stress measures showed a positive association with allostatic load (AL).
- The association was slightly stronger for objective stress compared to subjective stress.
- Controlling for Big Five personality traits did not substantially alter the observed stress-AL associations.
Conclusions:
- Objective and subjective stress measures demonstrate independent predictive validity for allostatic load, even when considering personality.
- Variations in how stress and allostatic load are operationalized may explain discrepancies in previous research findings.
- The findings underscore the importance of considering both types of stress in understanding physiological dysregulation.
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