Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Building Up a High-throughput Screening Platform to Assess the Heterogeneity of HER2 Gene Amplification in Breast Cancers
Published on: December 5, 2017
What therapies are on the horizon for HER2 positive breast cancer?
Giulia Viale1,2, Stefania Morganti1,2, Emanuela Ferraro1,2
1Division of Early Drug Development for Innovative Therapy, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS , Milan , Italy.
Abstract:
Introduction: Despite dramatic improvements in survival achieved with currently available anti-HER2 agents, HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer remains an almost invariably deadly disease, with primary or acquired resistance to HER2-directed agents developing during treatment. Many efforts are focused on identifying new agents that may more effectively inhibit HER2 signaling and on possible combination strategies. Areas covered: This review summarizes the landscape of drugs under development for HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer, as antibody-drug conjugates, monoclonal anti-HER2 antibodies, bispecific antibodies, or novel tyrosine kinase inhibitors. Moreover, available data for possible combination of anti-HER2 drugs and different agents, as immunotherapy, PI3K/mTOR inhibitors, CDK4/6 inhibitors currently under evaluation are reviewed. These strategies may overcome mechanisms of resistance and further improve patient outcomes. Expert opinion: Identification of valuable predictive biomarkers is needed to better inform choice of treatment sequence for the individual patient and limit the financial toxicity of these agents.
Insights
New drugs and combination strategies are being developed to combat HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer, aiming to overcome resistance and improve survival for patients with this deadly disease.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Pharmacology
Background:
- HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC) has improved survival with anti-HER2 agents, but resistance remains a significant challenge.
- Developing novel therapies and combination strategies is crucial for overcoming treatment resistance in HER2-positive MBC.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review emerging drugs and therapeutic combinations for HER2-positive MBC.
- To explore strategies for overcoming resistance to HER2-directed therapies.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of drugs in development for HER2-positive MBC.
- Analysis of combination strategies including immunotherapy, PI3K/mTOR inhibitors, and CDK4/6 inhibitors.
Main Results:
- The review covers antibody-drug conjugates, monoclonal antibodies, bispecific antibodies, and novel tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
- Combination therapies show promise in overcoming resistance mechanisms.
Conclusions:
- Novel agents and combination strategies are essential for improving outcomes in HER2-positive MBC.
- Predictive biomarkers are needed to guide treatment sequencing and reduce financial toxicity.
Related Concept Videos
Cancer Therapies
However, cancer treatments can pose several challenges, as therapies used to kill cancer cells are generally also toxic to normal cells. Moreover, cancer cells mutate rapidly and can develop resistance to chemical agents or radiation therapy. Besides, all types of cancer cells may not respond to the same therapy. Some cancer cells respond to one...
Targeted Cancer Therapies
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
Schwarzschild Radius and Event Horizon
The minimum speed required to launch a projectile from the surface of an object to which it is gravitationally bound so that it eventually escapes the object’s gravitational field is called the escape velocity. The escape velocity is independent of the mass of the object. Merging the idea of escape...
Chromatin Position Affects Gene Expression
Topologically Associated Domains (TADs)
The 3-dimensional positioning of chromatin in the nucleus influences the...
Position-effect Variegation
Serial Position Effect

