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Outcomes With Moderate and Deep Sedation in an Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Training Program.

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Intravenous (IV) sedation in oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMS) residency programs is safe, with a low complication rate of 2.29%. Postoperative nausea was the most frequent issue, but no severe adverse events occurred.

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Area of Science:

  • Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
  • Anesthesiology
  • Medical Education

Background:

  • Intravenous (IV) sedation is frequently used in oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMS) procedures.
  • Assessing complication rates in residency training programs is crucial for patient safety and educational quality.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the complication rate associated with IV sedation administered within an OMS residency training program.
  • To identify factors influencing complication rates during sedation in this setting.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective cohort study enrolled 1005 patients undergoing oral surgery with IV sedation.
  • Anesthesia teams comprised residents (PGY-1 to PGY-4) supervised by attending surgeons.
  • Data collected included anesthetic techniques, medications, and intraoperative/postoperative complications.

Main Results:

  • The overall complication rate was 2.29%, with postoperative nausea being the most common (0.99%).
  • Ketamine was associated with higher rates of postoperative nausea, while propofol showed lower rates.
  • No deaths or adverse events requiring escalation of care were reported.

Conclusions:

  • Modern IV sedation techniques in OMS residency programs are safe, demonstrating a low overall complication rate.
  • Postoperative nausea is the primary complication, with a history of PONV being a predictor.
  • Further research is needed to confirm findings on anesthetic agents and procedure length influencing complications.