Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Synthesis of Functionalized Magnetic Nanoparticles, Their Conjugation with the Siderophore Feroxamine and its Evaluation for Bacteria Detection
Published on: June 16, 2020
Sonochemical synthesis of Eu3+ substituted CoFe2O4 nanoparticles and their structural, optical and magnetic
M A Almessiere1, Y Slimani2, A D Korkmaz3
1Department of Biophysics, Institute for Research & Medical Consultations (IRMC), Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, 31441 Dammam, Saudi Arabia; Department of Physics, College of Science, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, P.O. Box 1982, 31441 Dammam, Saudi Arabia.
Abstract:
Magnetic, optic and microstructural properties of ultrasonically synthesized CoEuxFe2-xO4 (x ≤ 0.1) nanoferrites (NFs) have been examined in this study. After sonochemical synthesis, XRD and FT-IR analyses confirmed the purity, the structure (cubic spinel structure and Fd3m space group) and the spectral properties of the spinel ferrite samples. The spherical morphology and chemical compositions of the products were observed via transmission and scanning electron microscopes along with EDX and elemental mapping. Percent diffuse reflectance (%DR) was used for optical investigation. Optical band gaps (Eg) were estimated utilizing Kubelka-Munk theory and Tauc equation. Eg values are in a narrow band of 1.34 to 1.44 eV. The magnetic parameters like Ms (saturation magnetization), SQR = Mr/Ms (squareness ratio), nB (magnetic moment), Hc (coercivity) and Mr (remanence) have been evaluated by analyzing measurements of magnetization versus magnetic field performed at room (RT; T = 300 K) and low (T = 10 K) temperatures. It is showed that the different produced CoEuxFe2-xO4 (0.00 ≤ x ≤ 0.10) nanospinel ferrites present superparamagnetic (SPM) nature at RT. At low temperature, the various produced CoEuxFe2-xO4 (x ≤ 0.08) nanospinel ferrites display ferrimagnetic (FM) nature. With exception, the x = 0.10 sample exhibit SPM behavior at T = 10 K. It is noticed that the Eu3+ substitutions alter in a significant way on the magnetic data. A decreasing trend in the Ms, Mr and nB values was noted with Eu3+ substitutions.
Related Concept Videos
Properties of Enantiomers and Optical Activity
Structural Properties and Dimensions of Lumber
The strength characteristics of...
Structure and Physical Properties of Alkynes
In nature, compounds containing both carbon and hydrogen are known as "hydrocarbons". Aliphatic hydrocarbons are compounds whose molecules contain saturated single bonds (i.e., alkanes) or unsaturated double or triple bonds. Alkenes contain carbon–carbon double bonds and have a structural formula CnH2n. Unsaturated hydrocarbons containing carbon–carbon triple bonds are called "alkynes" and are structurally represented by the formula CnH2n-2.
The...
Synthesis of α-Substituted Carbonyl Compounds: The Stork Enamine Reaction
Properties of Transition Metals
Physical and Chemical Properties of Matter

