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Related Concept Videos

Lung Capacity01:47

Lung Capacity

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The air in the lungs is measured in volumes and capacities. Lung volume measures reflect the amount of air taken in, released, or left over after a lung function, like a single inhalation. Lung capacity measures are sums of two or more lung volume measures.
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Pleura of the Lungs01:13

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The lungs are nestled in a cavity, shielded by the pleura. The pleura, a form of serous membrane, wraps around each lung. This membrane arrangement consists of two layers: the visceral and parietal pleurae. The visceral pleura lines the surface of the lungIn contrast, the parietal pleura is the outer layer and contacts to the thoracic wall, the mediastinum, and the diaphragm. The hilum is the point of connection between the visceral and parietal layers. The space between the parietal and...
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The lungs are a pair of vital organs connected to the trachea via the left and right bronchi. The base of these organs meets the dome-shaped muscle known as the diaphragm. Encased by the pleurae, the lungs contact the mediastinum. The right lung is shorter yet wider, and has a larger volume than the left lung. The left lung has an indentation known as the cardiac notch. The superior region of the lungs is referred to as the apex, whereas the base is the lower region near the diaphragm. The...
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Translesion DNA Polymerases02:10

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Translesion (TLS) polymerases rescue stalled DNA polymerases at sites of damaged bases by replacing the replicative polymerase and installing a nucleotide across the damaged site. Doing so, TLS allows additional time for the cell to repair the damage before resuming regular DNA replication.
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DNA replication is initiated at sites containing predefined DNA sequences known as origins of replication. DNA is unwound at these sites by the minichromosome maintenance (MCM) helicase and other factors such as Cdc45 and the associated GINS complex.The unwound single strands are protected by replication protein A (RPA) until DNA polymerase starts synthesizing DNA at the 5’ end of the strand in the same direction as the replication fork. To prevent the replication fork from falling apart,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Implantation of Total Artificial Heart in Congenital Heart Disease
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Published on: July 18, 2014

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Congenital lung lesions.

Michael Zobel1, Rebecca Gologorsky1, Hanmin Lee1

  • 1Fetal Treatment Center, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco.

Seminars in Pediatric Surgery
|August 28, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Congenital lung malformations are now diagnosed earlier and managed more effectively, significantly improving survival rates. Further research is needed to refine diagnostic techniques and standardize treatments for these conditions.

Keywords:
Bronchogenic cystBronchopulmonary sequestrationCongenital lobar emphysemaCongenital lung malformationCongenital pulmonary malformationPediatric surgeryThoracic surgery

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Diagnostic Imaging
  • Neonatal Care

Background:

  • Congenital lung malformations (CLMs) management has seen significant advancements.
  • Improved imaging technology allows for earlier and more precise diagnoses.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an updated review of diagnostic strategies for CLMs.
  • To discuss current management protocols and prognosis for CLMs.

Main Methods:

  • Review of recent advancements in diagnostic imaging for CLMs.
  • Analysis of current treatment approaches and outcomes.
  • Synthesis of data on prognosis for various CLMs.

Main Results:

  • Survival rates for CLMs have increased from 60% to approximately 95% due to early diagnosis and intervention.
  • Increased sensitivity of diagnostic imaging leads to more frequent diagnoses of CLMs.

Conclusions:

  • While survival rates have improved dramatically, further refinement in diagnostic techniques and treatment standardization is essential.
  • Ongoing research and standardized protocols are crucial for optimal management of congenital lung malformations.