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Active matter invasion.

Felix Kempf1, Romain Mueller2, Erwin Frey1

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This summary is machine-generated.

Confinement guides collective invasion in active biological materials. Above an activity threshold, material detaches, altering invasion speed and mechanisms.

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Area of Science:

  • Biophysics
  • Materials Science
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Biologically active materials, including bacterial biofilms and eukaryotic cells, often exist and function within confined micro-environments.
  • Understanding how these materials interact with and invade their surroundings is crucial for various biological and medical applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of confinement as a mechanical guidance mechanism for collective invasion.
  • To classify distinct modes of collective invasion based on material activity and growth dynamics.
  • To elucidate the mechanical underpinnings and quantify the impact on invasion speed.

Main Methods:

  • Numerical simulations were employed to model the behavior of active biological materials under confinement.
  • The dynamics of the growing interface were analyzed.
  • Collective invasion modes were classified based on the intrinsic activity of the constituent particles.

Main Results:

  • Confinement, combined with growth dynamics and intrinsic activity, dictates distinct collective invasion modes.
  • At low to moderate activity, active materials invade coherently.
  • Above a critical activity threshold, detached blobs of active material emerge, altering invasion patterns.

Conclusions:

  • Confinement acts as a significant mechanical cue influencing collective invasion strategies of active biological materials.
  • The transition from coherent growth to blob detachment is governed by particle activity, impacting overall invasion dynamics.
  • Characterizing these invasion modes provides insights into the mechanical control of biological material expansion.