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Art-omics: multi-omics meet archaeology and art conservation
Cristina Vilanova1, Manuel Porcar1,2
1Darwin Bioprospecting Excellence SL, Catedrático Agustín Escardino, 9, 46980, Paterna, Spain.
Microbial Biotechnology
|August 28, 2019
Summary
Multi-omics, combining DNA, protein, and metabolite analysis, offers new insights into microbial ecosystems. This approach is now revolutionizing the study and conservation of ancient artworks and artifacts.
Area of Science:
- Microbiology
- Biotechnology
- Archaeology
Background:
- Multi-omics integrates high-throughput techniques to analyze complete microbial communities.
- These methods provide deep insights into microbial ecosystems with applications in ecology, biotechnology, and biomedicine.
- Recently, multi-omics has been applied to artistic and archaeological objects to understand their context and inform conservation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the application of -omic techniques to prehistoric artworks and ancient man-made objects.
- To highlight the contributions of metagenomics, proteomics, and metabolomics in this field.
- To discuss novel conservation strategies informed by multi-omics data.
Main Methods:
- Metagenomics for identifying surface microorganisms.
- Proteomics for peptide identification linked to palaeo-cultural contexts.
- Metabolomics for analyzing biomolecular profiles of ancient objects.
Main Results:
- Proteomics and metabolomics can identify peptides and metabolites associated with specific palaeo-cultural contexts.
- Metagenomics is crucial for identifying microbial communities on artwork surfaces.
- Understanding these microbial players enables targeted conservation strategies.
Conclusions:
- Multi-omics provides powerful tools for studying the composition and context of ancient objects.
- These techniques offer new avenues for the preservation and conservation of cultural heritage.
- Microbial analysis can lead to innovative conservation methods, including the use of beneficial microorganisms.
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