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Regional and correlative sweat analysis using high-throughput microfluidic sensing patches toward decoding sweat.

Hnin Yin Yin Nyein1,2,3, Mallika Bariya1,2,3, Liisa Kivimäki4

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Mass-produced wearable sweat sensor patches enable real-time analysis of key electrolytes and glucose. This technology advances sweat testing for medical and athletic point-of-care applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Wearable Technology

Background:

  • Wearable sensors can detect sweat components, but limited understanding and fabrication challenges hinder sweat analysis.
  • Current methods struggle with uniform, high-throughput fabrication of microfluidic chips and sensing electrodes for temporal and regional sweat analysis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a high-throughput fabrication method for sweat sensor components.
  • To create a wearable microfluidic sensing patch for real-time sweat analysis.
  • To enable comprehensive sweat analysis for medical and athletic applications.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized roll-to-roll (R2R) processing for mass fabrication of microfluidic sensing patches.
  • Integrated spiral microfluidics for sweat capture and real-time measurement of sweat parameters.
  • Validated measurements of sodium ([Na+]), potassium ([K+]), glucose, and sweat rate in exercise and chemically induced sweat.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated the patch's capability for regional sweat composition investigation.
  • Successfully predicted whole-body fluid and electrolyte loss during exercise.
  • Uncovered relationships between sweat metrics and tracked glucose dynamics for sweat-to-blood correlation in healthy and diabetic individuals.

Conclusions:

  • The R2R-fabricated microfluidic sensing patch overcomes fabrication bottlenecks for sweat analysis.
  • The device enables comprehensive, real-time sweat analysis, advancing point-of-care diagnostics.
  • This technology is crucial for moving sweat testing beyond research into clinical and athletic settings.