Gut microbiome: An intermediary to neurotoxicity

Area of Science:

• Neuroscience
• Microbiology
• Toxicology

Background:

• The gut microbiome's role in neurological function is increasingly recognized.
• Gut microbiota are implicated in neurotoxicity from environmental factors like drugs and diet.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review the gut microbiota's role in neurological disorders.
• To elucidate mechanisms by which the gut microbiome influences CNS signaling and neurotoxicity.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of studies on gut microbiota, environmental stressors, and neurological disorders.
• Analysis of proposed mechanisms linking gut bacteria to CNS regulation.

Main Results:

• Gut bacteria biotransform neurotoxicants, altering their reactivity.
• Microbial metabolites and gut-brain axis communication impact intestinal barrier and immune function.
• Microbial metabolites can enter circulation, influencing CNS gene expression and neuroinflammation.

Conclusions:

• The gut microbiome is a key regulator of neurological functions and disorders.
• Understanding gut-brain axis communication is crucial for addressing neurotoxicity and neurological diseases.