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Related Concept Videos

Curing of Concrete01:20

Curing of Concrete

354
The hydration of cement takes place within the water-filled capillary pores. However, environmental elements can disrupt this process by evaporating water from the concrete surfaces. Sealed concrete with a water-cement ratio below 0.5 experiences self-desiccation, leading to water loss. The water loss in concrete is mitigated by curing. This technique involves keeping the concrete saturated to maintain the necessary temperature and moisture conditions, to optimally fill the spaces in the cement...
354
Curing Methods01:26

Curing Methods

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Concrete members with a small surface-to-volume ratio are cured by oiling and moistening the forms before casting the concrete member. These forms can be left in place for a prolonged period to prevent moisture loss, and can be wetted if made of a material suitable for wetting. If the forms are removed early, the concrete member is moistened and covered with polythene sheets to maintain moisture. For large horizontal concrete surfaces exposed to dry weather, a temporary covering is suspended...
284
Accelerated Curing of Concrete01:25

Accelerated Curing of Concrete

452
Accelerating concrete curing is achieved by applying heat and additional moisture. This process accelerates the hydration of the cement, resulting in an earlier strength gain in the concrete. Steam curing is a method wherein the concrete products are either transported through a chamber on a conveyor belt or encased in plastic, allowing steam at atmospheric pressure to circulate freely around them. This process begins with a phase of moist curing that typically lasts between 3 to 5 hours, after...
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Control System Problem01:21

Control System Problem

414
In an open-loop system, such as a basic thermostat, the poles of the transfer function influence the system's response but do not determine its stability. However, when feedback is introduced to form a closed-loop system, such as an advanced thermostat that adjusts heating based on room temperature, stability is governed by the new poles of the closed-loop transfer function.
When forming a closed-loop system, issues can arise if the poles cross into the unstable region, leading to potential...
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Spongy Bone01:09

Spongy Bone

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All bones comprise an outer layer of compact bone, and an interior made up of spongy bone tissue, also called cancellous or trabecular bone. In long bones, spongy bone tissue is mainly found in the interior of the epiphyses (broad ends of the bone).
Spongy bone is more porous, and less dense compared to compact bone. It is composed of concentric lamellae that are arranged irregularly to form the trabecular network. In some bones, the spaces between trabeculae contain red marrow, where...
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Compact Bone01:27

Compact Bone

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Most bones contain compact and spongy osseous tissue, but their distribution and concentration vary based on the bone's overall function.
Compact bone, also called cortical bone, is the denser, stronger of the two types of bone tissue. It is found under the periosteum and in the diaphyses of long bones, where it provides support and protection. The microscopic structural unit of compact bone is called an osteon, or haversian system. Each osteon is composed of concentric rings of calcified...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Toxoplasma gondii Cyst Wall Formation in Activated Bone Marrow-derived Macrophages and Bradyzoite Conditions
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Active unicameral bone cysts: control firstly, cure secondly.

Qing Liu1,2, Hongbo He1, Hao Zeng1

  • 1Department of Orthopaedics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.

Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery and Research
|August 29, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Minimally invasive surgery effectively treats active unicameral bone cysts (AUBC). This approach, combining methylprednisolone injection, curettage, and bone marrow grafting, offers a high success rate with no complications.

Keywords:
Autogenous bone marrow graftingIntracystic methylprednisolone injectionPercutaneous curettageUnicameral bone cysts

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Area of Science:

  • Orthopedic Surgery
  • Pediatric Orthopedics
  • Bone Cyst Research

Background:

  • Active unicameral bone cysts (AUBC) pose a challenge in pediatric bone health.
  • Traditional treatments may involve significant morbidity.
  • Minimally invasive techniques offer a promising alternative for AUBC management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the efficacy of a minimally invasive surgical approach for treating active unicameral bone cysts (AUBC).
  • To assess the outcomes of combining intracystic methylprednisolone injection, percutaneous curettage, and autogenous bone marrow grafting for AUBC.
  • To determine the feasibility and success rate of this combined minimally invasive treatment in controlling cyst progression.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of 26 patients diagnosed with AUBC from May 2010 to May 2017.
  • Treatment involved percutaneous double-needle intracystic methylprednisolone injection, percutaneous curettage, and autogenous bone marrow grafting.
  • Efficacy was assessed by clinical evaluation, radiographic review, and recurrence defined by the modified Neer scale.

Main Results:

  • An 89% success rate (modified Neer scale scores I and II) was achieved, with 77% of patients achieving latent disease after the first treatment.
  • All 26 patients returned to full activities and were asymptomatic post-treatment.
  • Treatment duration correlated with cyst size and length; other patient and cyst factors did not influence outcomes. No complications were reported.

Conclusions:

  • Minimally invasive treatment, including methylprednisolone injection, curettage, and bone marrow grafting, is a feasible and effective option for controlling and curing AUBC.
  • This combined approach offers a high success rate without significant sequelae.
  • It represents an excellent minimally invasive choice for managing active unicameral bone cysts.