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Differences in comminution progress during mastication in healthy dentate and denture-wearing elderly people
Hikaru Sugimoto1, Yuki Tanaka1, Naoki Kodama1
1Department of Occlusal and Oral Functional Rehabilitation, Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama, 700-8525, Japan.
Journal of Prosthodontic Research
|August 29, 2019
Summary
Elderly denture wearers showed less effective initial food breakdown compared to young adults with natural teeth. However, final particle size before swallowing was similar for both groups.
Area of Science:
- Gerontology
- Dental Prosthetics
- Biomechanics
Background:
- Chewing efficiency is crucial for digestion and nutrient absorption.
- Removable denture prostheses are common among elderly populations.
- Understanding the impact of dentures on mastication is vital for oral health and nutrition.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the effect of removable denture prostheses on food comminution in elderly individuals.
- To compare the masticatory performance of denture wearers with young, fully dentate subjects.
Main Methods:
- A masticatory examination was conducted on 22 elderly denture wearers (Eichner's B and C) and 20 young dentate adults.
- A combined test food of 5 daily food materials was used under full and half masticatory cycles.
- Digital imaging analyzed food particle homogeneity and size indices for each bolus.
Main Results:
- Elderly denture wearers exhibited a significantly higher homogeneity index during the initial half of masticatory strokes compared to young dentate subjects.
- No significant difference in particle size indices was found between the groups immediately before swallowing.
Conclusions:
- The final comminuted particle size before swallowing is comparable between healthy denture wearers and individuals with natural dentition.
- The initial stages of food comminution in denture wearers present distinct characteristics that warrant further investigation for meal property specifications.
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