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Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Liquid-cell Transmission Electron Microscopy for Tracking Self-assembly of Nanoparticles
Published on: October 16, 2017
Direct Realization of Complete Conversion and Agglomeration Dynamics of SnO2 Nanoparticles in Liquid Electrolyte
Joon Ha Chang1,2, Jun Young Cheong2, Jong Min Yuk2
1Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), 1689 Yuseong Dae-ro 70, Daejeon 305-701, Republic of Korea.
Abstract:
The conversion reaction is important in lithium-ion batteries because it governs the overall battery performance, such as initial Coulombic efficiency, capacity retention, and rate capability. Here, we have demonstrated in situ observation of the complete conversion reaction and agglomeration of nanoparticles (NPs) upon lithiation by using graphene liquid cell transmission electron microscopy. The observation reveals that the Sn NPs are nucleated from the surface of SnO2, followed by merging with each other. We demonstrate that the agglomeration has a stepwise process, including rotation of a NP, formation of necks, and subsequent merging of individual NPs.
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