Highly Active Tungsten Oxide Nanoplate Electrocatalysts for the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction in Acidic and Near...

An efficient, cost-effective, and earth-abundant catalyst that could drive the production of hydrogen from water without or with little external energy is the ultimate goal toward hydrogen economy. Herein, nanoplates of tungsten oxide and its hydrates (WO₃·H₂O) as promising electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) are reported. The square-shaped and stacked WO₃·H₂O nanoplates are synthesized at room temperature under air in ethanol only, making it as a promising green synthesis strategy. The repeated electrochemical cyclic voltammetry cycles modified the surface of WO₃·H₂O nanoplates to WO₃ as confirmed by X-ray photoelectron and Auger spectroscopy, which leads to an improved HER activity. Hydrogen evolution is further achieved from distilled water (pH 5.67) producing 1 mA cm^-2 at an overpotential of 15 mV versus the reversible hydrogen electrode. Moreover, WO₃·H₂O and WO₃ nanoplates demonstrate excellent durability in acidic and neutral media, which is highly desirable for practical application. Improved hydrogen evolution by WO₃(200) when compared to that by Pt(111) is further substantiated by the density functional theory calculations.