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Updated: Jan 20, 2026
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Published on: February 3, 2021
Investigation of Triphenylamine (TPA)-Based Metal Complexes and Their Application in Perovskite Solar Cells
Wei Zhang1, Peng Liu1, Azar Sadollahkhani1
1Department of Chemistry, Applied Physical Chemistry, Department of Fiber and Polymer Technology, Wallenberg Wood Science Center, and Department of Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-10044 Stockholm, Sweden.
Abstract:
Triphenylamine-based metal complexes were designed and synthesized via coordination to Ni(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) using their respective acetate salts as the starting materials. The resulting metal complexes exhibit more negative energy levels (vs vacuum) as compared to 2,2',7,7'-tetrakis(N,N-di-p-methoxyphenylamine)-9,9'-spirobifluorene (Spiro-OMeTAD), high hole extraction efficiency, but low hole mobilities and conductivities. Application of dopants typically used for Spiro-OMeTAD was not successful, indicating a more complicated mechanism of partial oxidation besides the redox potential. However, utilization as hole-transport material was successful, giving a highest efficiency of 11.1% under AM 1.5G solar illumination.
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