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Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Combining Solid-state and Solution-based Techniques: Synthesis and Reactivity of ChalcogenidoplumbatesII or IV
Published on: December 29, 2016
Phenolacetyl Viologen as Multifunctional Chromic Material for Fast and Reversible Sensor of Solvents, Base,
Meiling Hu1, Feifei Xing1, Yongmei Zhao1
1Department of Chemistry, Shanghai University, #99 Shangda Road, Shanghai 200444, China.
Abstract:
Electron-withdrawing/coordinating o-phenolacetyl-substituted viologen can act as a visual sensor for solvents, bases, and temperature in organic solvents. Due to chelating phenolacetyl groups, this viologen can coordinate to Fe(III), Cu(II), and ZnCl2 in aqueous and DMF solutions. Interestingly, this viologen can respond to temperature, grind, and NH3 vapor in its solid state. Stimuli response is visible, fast, and fully reversible in air at room temperature. The color change is attributed to the enolic and/or free radical structure. This is the most versatile chromic material that responds to chemical and physical stimuli in both solution and solid state.
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