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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 20, 2026

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Biodegradable Composites Developed from PBAT/PLA Binary Blends and Silk Powder: Compatibilization and Performance

Daichi Nakayama1,2, Feng Wu1,3, Amar K Mohanty1,3

  • 1Bioproduct Discovery and Development Centre, Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Crop Science Building, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1 Ontario, Canada.

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This study combined silk fibroin powder with biodegradable polymers polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT)/poly lactide (PLA) to create new biomaterials. The resulting blends showed promising impact strength, suggesting potential for high-performance applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Polymer Science
  • Biomaterials Engineering

Background:

  • Natural polymers like silk fibroin offer unique properties for biomaterial applications.
  • Biodegradable synthetic polymers such as polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT) and poly lactide (PLA) are widely explored for sustainable materials.
  • Combining natural and synthetic polymers can lead to novel materials with enhanced characteristics.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To fabricate and characterize novel biomaterials by melt-mixing silk fibroin powder with PBAT/PLA blends.
  • To investigate the morphological, mechanical, and rheological properties of these ternary blends.
  • To explore the effect of Joncryl on the properties and processability of the silk fibroin/PBAT/PLA composites.

Main Methods:

  • Melt-mixing of silk fibroin powder with PBAT/PLA blends.
  • Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for morphological analysis.
  • Mechanical testing (impact strength, tensile modulus) and rheological studies.
  • Analysis of blends containing Joncryl to assess its impact on properties.

Main Results:

  • SEM revealed poor dispersion of silk powder agglomerates due to strong hydrogen bonding.
  • Despite agglomeration, a blend with 10 wt% silk powder exhibited high impact strength (108 J/m) and tensile modulus (1.2 GPa).
  • Joncryl addition decreased storage modulus and blend viscosity, indicating weakened hydrogen bonds between silk chains.

Conclusions:

  • The PBAT/PLA/Silk powder blends demonstrate potential for applications requiring high impact strength.
  • Joncryl's reaction with epoxy groups offers a method to improve silk powder processability and dispersion in polymer blends.
  • This research contributes to the development of advanced, sustainable biomaterials from natural and synthetic polymer composites.