Colorimetric Detection of Perfluorinated Compounds by All-Polymer Photonic Transducers

We report on the highly sensitive optical and colorimetric detection of perfluorinated compounds in the vapor phase achieved by all-polymer dielectric mirrors. High optical quality and uniformly distributed Bragg reflectors were fabricated by alternating thin films of poly(N-vinylcarbazole) and Hyflon AD polymers as high and low refractive index medium, respectively. A new processing procedure has been developed to compatibilize the deposition of poly(N-vinylcarbazole) with the highly solvophobic Hyflon AD polymer layers to achieve mutual processability between the two polymers and fabricate the devices. As a proof of principle, sensing measurements were performed using the Galden HT55 polymer as a prototype of the perfluorinated compound. The Bragg stacks show a strong chromatic response upon exposure to this compound, clearly detectable as both spectral and intensity variations. Conversely, Bragg mirrors fabricated without fluorinated polymers do not show any detectable response, demonstrating that the Hyflon AD polymer acts as the active and selective medium for sensing perfluorinated species. These results demonstrate that organic dielectric mirrors containing perfluorinated polymers can represent an innovative colorimetric monitoring system for fluorinated compounds, suitable to improve both environmental safety and quality of life.