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Updated: Jan 20, 2026
Preparation of Amines: Reduction of Oximes and Nitro Compounds
Surfactant-Assisted Selective Oxidation of Aromatic Amines to Nitro Compounds by in Situ-Formed Performic Acid
Krishnan Ravi1,2, Balasaheb D Bankar1,2, Sana Jindani1
1Inorganic Materials and Catalysis Division, CSIR-Central Salt and Marine Chemicals Research Institute, G. B. Marg, Bhavnagar 364002, Gujarat, India.
Abstract:
Development of novel and greener methods for the selective oxidation of various organic compounds is a challenging task. Herein, a novel protocol for the selective oxidation of aromatic amines to nitroaromatics at room temperature is developed. The oxidation reaction was carried out using a mixture of formic acid and aqueous hydrogen peroxide, which resulted in the in situ formation of performic acid. Further, improvement of selectivity was studied using different surfactants, of which cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) gave the highest selectivity (85%) toward nitrobenzene. The role of CTAB in achieving higher selectivity is discussed. Under optimized reaction conditions, various substituted amines were successfully oxidized to corresponding nitro compounds. It is worth mentioning that this is the first report on oxidation of amines to nitro compounds in an aqueous medium with high selectivity.
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