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Updated: Jan 20, 2026
Treatment of Facial Deformities using 3D Planning and Printing of Patient-Specific Implants
Published on: May 23, 2020
[Analysis of facial asymmetry in patients with crooked noses]
Jörg Lindemann1, Anna Schmadl1, Marc Oliver Scheithauer1
1Universitätsklinik Ulm, Klinik für HNO-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie, Ulm.
Background:
Surgical management of crooked nose is challenging even for experienced rhino surgeons, although numerous techniques for correction have been described. Not infrequently, there is a facial asymmetry in addition to the crooked nose influencing the aesthetic results of the operation. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine how often there is an asymmetry of the face in addition to a crooked nose.
Material And Methods:
Retrospectively the data of 607 patients with a crooked nose (304 women, 303 men, mean age 30 years) were evaluated. The preoperative photos of the face were anthrometrically assessed based on angle measurements.
Results:
382 of the 607 patients had a c-shaped (63 %) and 225 an i-shaped (37 %) crooked nose. More than three-quarters of the patients had facial asymmetry in respect to the connecting line of the pupils and nasal base line. 49 % of patients reported a history of nasal trauma, but this had no relevant influence on the frequency of facial asymmetry.
Conclusions:
Pre-existing facial asymmetry is very common in patients with crooked nose and can significantly affect the aesthetic outcome of nasal surgery. This should be addressed as part of the informed consent. In particular, it should be mentioned that the surgical outcome can remain below the patient's aesthetic expectations. Not rarely, a revision surgery may be necessary.
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