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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 20, 2026

A Phage Therapy against Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection in Zebrafish Embryos
02:46

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Phage Therapy with a Focus on the Human Microbiota.

Sharita Divya Ganeshan1, Zeinab Hosseinidoust2,3,4,5

  • 1School of Biomedical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4K1, Canada.

Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 30, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Bacteriophages (phages) show promise as an alternative to antibiotics for treating bacterial infections. This review explores phage therapy, considering the human gut microbiome and bacterial-phage co-evolution.

Keywords:
antibiotic resistanceevolutionmicrobiome therapyphage therapy

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Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Virology
  • Therapeutics

Background:

  • Bacteriophages (phages), viruses that infect bacteria, were early treatments for infectious diseases before antibiotics.
  • Antibiotic resistance has renewed interest in phage therapy as a viable alternative.
  • Concerns exist regarding phage genome evolution, phage resistance development, and impacts on the human microbiota.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the scientific principles supporting bacteriophage therapy.
  • To discuss the human gut microbiome's role in phage therapy.
  • To examine the co-evolutionary dynamics between bacteria and phages within the human microbiota.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of bacteriophage therapy principles.
  • Analysis of the human gut microbiome in the context of phage therapy.
  • Exploration of host bacteria-phage co-evolutionary mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Phage therapy presents a potential solution to combat antibiotic-resistant bacteria.
  • Understanding phage-bacteria interactions within the gut microbiome is crucial for therapeutic success.
  • Co-evolutionary dynamics influence the efficacy and safety of phage therapy.

Conclusions:

  • Bacteriophage therapy offers a promising avenue for treating bacterial infections, especially in the era of antibiotic resistance.
  • Further research into the human gut microbiome and phage-bacterial co-evolution is essential for optimizing phage therapy strategies.
  • Careful consideration of potential phage-induced microbiota perturbations is necessary for safe and effective clinical application.