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Exploratory behavior undergoes genotype-age interactions in a wild bird.

Barbara Class1, Jon E Brommer1, Kees van Oers2

  • 1Department of Biology University of Turku Turku Finland.

Ecology and Evolution
|August 30, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Animal personality, specifically exploratory behavior in great tits, shows changes in heritability and genetic correlations over an individual's lifetime. These genotype-age interactions impact the evolution of animal personality.

Keywords:
animal modeldevelopmentgenotype–age interactionheritabilitypersonalityplasticity

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Area of Science:

  • Behavioral Ecology
  • Quantitative Genetics
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Animal personality traits exhibit both heritability and plasticity.
  • Behavioral plasticity allows responses to environmental factors and age-related changes.
  • Limited knowledge exists on lifetime personality changes and heritability stability in wild animals.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Investigate age-related changes in the mean and additive genetic variance of exploratory behavior in wild great tits.
  • Examine the stability of heritability and genetic correlations for behavior across different ages.
  • Identify genotype-age interactions (G×A) influencing behavioral traits.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a wild population of great tits for behavioral analysis.
  • Employed a random regression animal model to analyze genetic parameters.
  • Measured exploratory behavior as a proxy for animal personality.

Main Results:

  • Heritability of exploration was lower in adults than in juveniles.
  • A low genetic correlation was observed across different age classes.
  • Genotype-age interactions (G×A) were confirmed, decreasing additive genetic variance and cross-age genetic correlations over time.

Conclusions:

  • Heritability and cross-age genetic correlations for exploratory behavior are not stable throughout an individual's life.
  • Genotype-age interactions significantly influence the evolution of animal personality.
  • Further research on G×A in behaviors is crucial for understanding evolutionary processes.