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Developmental enamel defects are associated with early childhood caries: Case-control study
Patrícia Corrêa-Faria1, Suzane Paixão-Gonçalves2, Maria Letícia Ramos-Jorge3
1Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry
|August 30, 2019
Summary
Developmental enamel defects (DED) and low household income significantly increase the risk of early childhood caries (ECC) in Brazilian children. These findings highlight key factors for targeted oral health interventions.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Dentistry
- Dental Public Health
- Oral Epidemiology
Background:
- Developmental enamel defects (DED) are crucial for designing effective prevention strategies and oral healthcare plans.
- Understanding the link between DED and early childhood caries (ECC) is vital for public health initiatives.
Purpose of the Study:
- To compare ECC prevalence in children with and without DED.
- To investigate the association between DED, ECC, and sociodemographic factors in Brazilian children.
Main Methods:
- A case-control study involving 196 Brazilian children aged 1-5 years (98 with ECC, 98 without).
- Developmental enamel defects (DED) were classified using the Developmental Defects of Enamel Index.
- Sociodemographic data were gathered via parental questionnaires, with statistical analysis employing McNemar's test and logistic regression.
Main Results:
- ECC was more prevalent in children with DED (P ≤ .001) and those from lower socioeconomic backgrounds (lower income, lower maternal education).
- Logistic regression identified DED (OR: 1.94) and low monthly household income (OR: 2.24) as significant risk factors for ECC.
Conclusions:
- Developmental enamel defects (DED) are a pre-disposing factor for early childhood caries (ECC).
- Lower household income is also a significant pre-disposing factor for ECC.
- Findings underscore the importance of socioeconomic status and enamel integrity in ECC development.
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