Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Visualizing Visual Adaptation

Visualizing Visual Adaptation

This article describes a novel method for simulating and studying adaptation in the visual...

Using a Split-belt Treadmill to Evaluate Generalization of Human Locomotor Adaptation

Using a Split-belt Treadmill to Evaluate Generalization of Human Locomotor Adaptation

We describe a protocol for investigating human locomotor adaptation using the split-belt treadmill, which has two belts that can drive each leg at a different speed. We specifically focus on a paradigm designed to test the generalization of adapted locomotor patterns to different walking contexts (e.g., gait speeds, walking environments).

Variance

Variance

The deviations show how spread out the data are about the mean. A positive deviation occurs when the data value exceeds the mean, whereas a negative deviation occurs when the data value is less than the mean. If the deviations are added, the sum is always zero. So one cannot simply add the deviations to get the data spread. By squaring the deviations, the numbers are made positive; thus, their sum will also be positive.
The standard deviation measures the spread in the same units as the data....

Variance

Variance

Variance is a statistical measure that quantifies the degree of risk associated with an investment's returns by indicating how much the returns deviate from their expected value over time. It provides essential insights into the stability and predictability of an investment's performance. The variance calculation involves determining the mean return, which is the average return over a specified period, and then calculating the deviations of each return from this mean. These deviations...

Generalized Hooke's Law

Generalized Hooke's Law

The generalized Hooke's Law is a broadened version of Hooke's Law, which extends to all types of stress and in every direction. Consider an isotropic material shaped into a cube subjected to multiaxial loading. In this scenario, normal stresses are exerted along the three coordinate axes. As a result of these stresses, the cubic shape deforms into a rectangular parallelepiped. Despite this deformation, the new shape maintains equal sides, and there is a normal strain in the direction of the...

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Generalized Anxiety Disorder

Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) is a chronic condition characterized by excessive and uncontrollable worry that persists for at least six months, significantly interfering with daily functioning. Unlike situational anxiety, which arises in response to specific stressors, GAD often occurs without a clear cause. Individuals may experience disproportionate worry about work, health, or relationships. For instance, a person might continuously fear poor health despite normal medical evaluations or...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

A Cerebral Basis for Visual Discomfort and Visual Stress.

Vision (Basel, Switzerland)·2026

Same author

The colors of images preferred by individual voxels can be used to delineate functionally distinct visually responsive brain areas.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026

Same author

Effects of adaptation to altered color statistics provide evidence for calibration of color perception to the color statistics of natural scenes.

Journal of experimental psychology. General·2026

Same author

The role of color, contrast, and spatial complexity in infants' visual engagement with board and picture book images.

Journal of experimental child psychology·2026

Same author

Do color similarity judgments vary with age, and do they reveal anything about qualia?

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2025

Same author

A standardized nomenclature for the rods and cones of the vertebrate retina.

PLoS biology·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Visualizing Visual Adaptation

Visualizing Visual Adaptation

Published on: April 24, 2017

Adaptation to variance generalizes across visual domains.

John Maule¹, Anna Franklin¹

¹Sussex Colour Group.

Journal of Experimental Psychology. General

|August 30, 2019

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The brain adapts its perception of color variance. This adaptation partially transfers to orientation variance, suggesting a shared neural mechanism for processing visual complexity across different domains.

More Related Videos

Using a Split-belt Treadmill to Evaluate Generalization of Human Locomotor Adaptation

Using a Split-belt Treadmill to Evaluate Generalization of Human Locomotor Adaptation

Published on: August 23, 2017

Variance

Variance

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 20, 2026

Visualizing Visual Adaptation

Visualizing Visual Adaptation

Published on: April 24, 2017

Using a Split-belt Treadmill to Evaluate Generalization of Human Locomotor Adaptation

Using a Split-belt Treadmill to Evaluate Generalization of Human Locomotor Adaptation

Published on: August 23, 2017

Variance

Variance

Area of Science:

Cognitive Neuroscience
Visual Perception
Computational Neuroscience

Background:

The brain processes extensive visual information, likely using summary statistics.
Understanding how the brain encodes statistical properties like variance is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate color variance perception adaptation.
To determine if color variance adaptation generalizes to other visual domains, like orientation.

Main Methods:

Four experiments were conducted to measure adaptation aftereffects.
Participants were exposed to color ensembles with varying hues.
Generalization was tested by assessing orientation variance perception post-adaptation.

Main Results:

Prolonged exposure to high hue variance reduced perceived variance in subsequent color ensembles.
This hue variance adaptation partially generalized to orientation variance perception.
Demonstrated cross-domain adaptation aftereffects for visual ensemble information.

Conclusions:

Suggests a neural mechanism for encoding visual variance that is not domain-specific.
This mechanism may support cross-domain visual comparisons.
Potential role in predictive coding and calibrating to environmental complexity.